This is a continuation of a review of the book Why Gender Matters. To see part one, click here.
In the first part of this review, I mentioned that there were a number of points made in the first half of the book from a scientific viewpoint relating to innate differences between boys and girls. Here are some that especially intrigued me.
Hearing
Girls can hear ten times softer than boys as found in studies on newborns and teenagers. Girls’ hearing was substantially more sensitive than the boys’ in the 1,000 to 4,000 Hz range, which is the range that is important for speech discrimination. The implication of this finding is that we need to adjust our volume when we talk to boys and girls. A girl might interpret a normal tone as yelling whereas a boy might think it’s just fine. Females in general are more distracted by surrounding noise than the boys.
Visual Preference
In a study of 102 newborn babies, a baby was given a choice to look at a live young woman’s face or a dangled mobile. Researchers found that girls were more likely to look at the face whereas the boys were more likely to look at the mobile. Such difference was found in the anatomy of the eye where girls have more P cells and the boys have more M cells. P cells are responsible for seeing texture and color whereas M cells are responsible for movement and direction. This explains why girls in general like richly textured dolls and boys prefer moving trucks. Sax explains that “girls draw nouns, boys draw verbs” meaning that when it comes to drawing, girls tend to draw things or people like a family or a place with many different colors. Boys tend to draw action such as a rocket blasting off. Girls also tend to use more colors, mostly warm colors (red, green, and brown) whereas boys tend to use fewer colors, mostly cold colors (black, grey, blue).
Feelings
The amygdala, located deep down in the brain, is responsible for emotional activity. Emotional responses are then processed in the cerebral cortex which is located in front of the brain. In girls, connections are well established between the amygdala and the cerebral cortex. Consequently, it is easier for girls to verbalize how they feel. In boys, the connection between these two structures are fewer and most of the emotion remain in the amygdala. This explains why it is difficult for boys to explain how they feel. They simply don’t understand what it means. Writing assignments that require students to express how they feel about a certain subject work well with girls, but not with boys.
Risk Taking
In general, boys are more likely to take risks or live dangerously than girls. When boys engage in a risky activity, his sympathetic nervous system (“fight or flight” response) is activicated. This response gives a tingle, a charge, an excitement that many boys find irresistible (p. 42). Girls on the other hand respond to stress in a different way. Instead of activation of the sympathetic nervous system, the parasympathetic nervous system is activated which “causes an unpleasant, nauseated feeling rather than the “thrill” of the sympathetic nervous system.” (p. 69)
The above were some highlights of scientific the differences between girls and boys. The second half of the book focused more on cultural differences. I found the chapter on sex very disturbing as the content is rather graphic when discussing the “hook up” culture and how teenagers are engaging in casual sexual activities without a blink. I would recommend skipping this chapter, as it lends little help in truly understanding the differences between boys and girls; especially as a mother of young children.
My final thought on this book is that even though there are scientific differences between girls and boys, we should not merely look at our children based solely on these differences. In other words, do not merely say, “Well, my boy is acting this way because it has been proven scientifically that he is predisposed to such behavior since his brain is wired in a certain way.” Let’s be reminded that just because science can document differences, it cannot, in the end, truly explain them — much less help our children realize their potential as creations of God. The Lord has made us, and we are the work of His hands. It is to him we must finally go for wisdom and understanding and help in raising boys and girls for His glory.